This interactive 3D physics simulation demonstrates Newton’s Second Law using a cart–pulley system. Adjust mass and friction to explore how acceleration changes in real time.
When the mass of the cart increases, the acceleration decreases for the same pulling force. A larger total mass makes the system harder to accelerate.
Increasing the hanging mass increases the gravitational force pulling the system, resulting in a greater acceleration.
Friction opposes motion. As friction increases, the net force decreases, leading to a smaller acceleration.